I finally got to ride the new BMW F 800 GS and what a bike! BMW have done themselves very proud. This bike is all it has been cracked up to be. It was certainly worth the wait, even if it is a little too late for me personally... I'll explain that later.

I rode a Sunset Yellow/Black schemed bike with BattleWing tyres, ABS, heated grips, on-board computer, full BMW expandable panniers and top box. The bike I rode has the lowered seat which I wish was the higher one, but it didn't cause me too many problems with leg bend (I'm 6'3" with bad knees). I would definitely get the higher seat if I was buying, but the down side is that I think that would cause more wind exposure.

I picked up the bike from Bahnstormer today in the middle of a fierce storm we're having here in the south of England. It was raining hard with severe wind gusts. I rode my 2001 BMW F 650 GS along the hedge row protected back roads down to Bahnstormer to avoid most of the wind. However, when I road the F 800 GS, I took it out in the open more (A32, A272, A31) and it was a sturdy feeling bike and I didn't get blown around as much, even with the panniers and top box providing a bigger target.

The bike sounds quite tame when you first fire it up and idle it, but that soon gives way to a nice little growl when the tyres snatch some asphalt. The first bit of the ride along the A31 told me it was a BMW. It has a nice, tight build to it. Nothing rattles or feels loose. Very firm, but also a little "flickable," like the 2006 KTM 950 Adventure that I ride most days. I was also a little skeptical that the F 800 GS would be as much fun as the KTM, but it is for a rider like me. What I mean by that is that I cannot wring as much out of the KTM as a pro can, so the F 800 GS is about the same as the KTM 950 Adventure for me in the "kick up the backside" acceleration stakes. It is all I need for sure. The curves of the A272 then showed me that the BMW is also as comfortable at cornering as the KTM. In comparison to my old F 650 GS, there is no comparison. The F 800 GS is in a whole other league. More on that league status later.

I turned up a couple of farm tracks near the fields where the Battle of Cheriton occurred on 29 March 1644. This isn't real off-roading or even real green-laning, but I couldn't really trash out a test ride bike, could I? Below is a picture of the bike near the point where Sir Henry Bard made his fatal mistake.

I have ridden this area many times on my 650 and KTM, so I know the area and roads well. The F 800 GS is as sure footed as anything I have ridden, even with the stock BattleWings. The mucky farm tracks and debris strewn forest track I rode ( Badshear, Scrubbs and North End Farm Lanes ) gives a good feel for the bike's capabilities. It is supremely balanced and the under seat tank keeps it from feeling tippy as the beefy KTM is wont to feel in far less strenuous situations. Again, this is definitely not off-roading, but it is a good indicator of the most strenuous work that many of these bikes will ever see. It is also fairly typical of the type of battlefield touring that I do.

Back out on the A31, I was able to open the bike up a little and I can say that it certainly rivals the KTM for quickness. I'm not a real hair on fire rider, but I would hazard a guess that it could outrun all but the best sport bikes with a good rider on it. It is really good fun. There is quite a bit of chest level wind buffeting, but it is manageable. I think one would need to consider the heightened screen for extended touring.

To wrap it up, I think the BMW F 800 GS is a superb bike. I'd rate it 6 stars on a 5 star scale. It is a step and half up from the old F 650 GS and is only a quarter step down from the R 1200 GS in its "GS factor." However, this may be the only rub I can find with is wonderful bike. Will R 1200 GS owners trade down to get a F 800 GS? I kind of doubt it. The 1100/1150/1200 bunch is a world to itself. Will the old F 650 GS crowd buy it over the NEW F 650 GS (with an 800 engine)? Not sure. I think this bike will largely attract new BMW riders ( which may be what they are trying to do ), but not so many of the existing ones. I think this bike is a real competitor to the KTM 950 Adventure and to the riders who just could not bring themselves to buy a boxer engine. I think this bike will set BMW up well for the future, but I'm not sure it will be a huge seller right away.

So will a 2001 BMW F 650 GS, a 2006 KTM 950 Adventure and a (USA-based )2003 Triumph Tiger owning rider ( i.e. me, aka the Battlefield Biker ) buy this bike? Probably not. Why? I waited for several years on the rumor that BMW was going to bring out a conventional 2 cylinder GS, before I bought the KTM last year. They just waited too long for me. I need to get some more value out of that bike, before I can justify buying a new bike. It is a great bike, and yes, it is better than the KTM to me, but it is not so much better to justify a £3,500 differential. Yes, I know, it is supposed to be great value, but once you get the extras on, it is is not far off the price of a new KTM 990 Adventure with the extra kit on offer as it is so often is these days. I'll enjoy the KTM for another year or two and pick up a used F 800 GS then. It's a shame, but it is life in the real world. Hope BMW factored that into their sales projections!

I love the F 800 GS. I think it will bring in a whole new class of GS riders and will solidify BMW's hold on this market. However, the Battlefield Biker will be seeing Europe on a KTM and the US on a Tiger for the next year or two. Below, may be the only picture you see of the Battlefield Biker with a BMW F 800 GS anytime soon.

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1644 29 29th A272 A31 A32 Alton Farringdon B3046 B3047 Badshear Lane BMW F800 GS English Civil War F 650 GS F 800 GS F650 GS F650GS F800 GS KTM 950 Adventure March North End Farm Scrubbs Lane West Me motorcycle touring motorcycles motorcycle-touring battlefields military history military-history F 800 GS

Intro

In the summer of 1644, the Royalist forces were threatening London in the English Civil War with the Parliamentarians. The Royalists confidently blocked a Parliamentarian force near Winchester and forced a battle. They would regret it. The battle was a turning point in the southern campaign and suddenly stopped the Royalist pincer strategy on London by destroying the lower jaw of it.

This is one of my favourite local rides. The battlefield is highly accessible by bike and foot with multiple farm tracks and lanes. Additionally, this part of Hampshire is beautiful and the lanes and good "A" roads around here make it a great Sunday morning ride.

The Battle

Around 27 March 1644, the Royalist forces of Lord Hopton, joined by the Earl of Forth had succeeded in halting Hopton's old friend William Waller's Parliamentary forces from securing Winchester by blocking the main road between London and Winchester near Alresford. Two days of skirmishing in the area left Waller's army near the village of Hinton Ampner and Hopton's army northeast of Cheriton with pickets on a ridge overlooking Hinton Ampner to the south.

Hopton's pickets and Waller's patrols skirmished in the night of 28/29 March. Waller had flanked Hopton's pickets on the south ridge to the point of making it untenable. Thus the day of the battle began with Waller on the south ridge and Hopton on the north ridge. Upon seeing the ground between the two forces, Waller saw that Cheriton Wood would be the key to Hopton's left flank and dispatched 1,000 musketeers there. Understanding this threat, Hopton countered with 1,000 musketeers of his own under Colonel Matthew Appleyard. The two forces met in the dense Cheriton Wood and by all accounts fought a fierce hand-to-hand melee with Appleyard's forces securing the ground. Hopton had been frustrated by previous attempts to bring his old friend, Waller, to battle, due to Waller's pessimistic nature and previous defeats, most notably Roundway Down and Lansdown Hill. Alas, Hopton would be frustrated, but not by Waller this time.

Although intending to hold their position on the north ridge, one of Hopton's lieutenants, Royalist Sir Henry Bard, on his own initiative, led his regiment on a ill-starred attack from the right on Sir Arthur Haselrige's regiment of horse, known as the "lobsters" for their 3/4 armour suits. Haselrige made Bard pay for his folly and destroyed the entire regiment in plain sight of the Royalists. The Royalists were so horrified by what they saw in front of them that they felt compelled to send re-enforcements to Bard. However, they were sent piecemeal without supporting fires or flank protection. The Roundheads met the challenge and soon the entire front became engaged between the two ridges.

Parrying between the two forces ended up in close quartered fighting along the hedges. Meanwhile, several cavalry actions played out over a period of hours with the Parliamentary cavalry gaining the upper hand. Finally, Waller's infantry enveloped the flanks and forced Hopton to salvage his troops and guns with an orderly retreat up today's Scrubbs Lane towards Basing House, passing the point where the commemorative stone sits today.

Ride Recommendation

This is a good ride with the tour of the battlefield in the middle of the ride along the farm lanes northeast of the village of Cheriton. Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 185. The battlefield is centred on SU 598294. If using a road map, the battlefield is located northeast of Cheriton village. It is 42.8 miles beginning and ending near Winchester, Hampshire. There is a National Trust property at Hinton Ampner, a good pub called the Flower Pots in Cheriton, a Husqvarna dealership (Husky Sport) in Cheriton and a BMW Motorrad dealer (Bahnstormer) at Lower Faringdon.

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Books and Map Recommendations

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1644 29 29th March A272 A31 A32 Alresford B3046 B3047 Badshear Earl of Forth English Civil War Hampshire Hinton Ampney Lord hopton North End Farm Scrubbs Lane Sir Henry Bard West Meon Willaim Waller Winchester motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

Roundway Down may have one the most dramatic geographical features of any battleground, bar the cliffs at Pont du Hoc on the Normandy coast. The escarpment that falls away from the back of Roundway Hill is a sheer drop off and was the scene of a desperate retreat that ended with many cavalrymen going over the cliff.

After the stalemate at Lansdowne Hill a few days earlier, Waller wanted a decisive engagement with the Royalists that were working the area, so he set siege on Devizes in Wiltshire. Royalist Hopton, who had been injured in an accidental gunpowder explosion after the Lansdown Hill battle, knew he needed help, so he sent Prince Maurice on a end run to Oxford to get more forces to come to his aid. Those forces, under Lord Wilmot and Sir John Byron, approached from Oxford and Waller met them on the sweeping expanse of Roundway Down with a numerically superior force. Waller had what he wanted.
The battle opened with a cavalry charge by Sir Arthur Haselrige's cuirassiers or "lobster" cavalry that was beaten back on the Parliamentary right flank after two tries. Haselrige was lucky to have his beating early when several escape routes were still available to him and he took one from the field. The other flank was just as decisively engaged with charges and counter-charges swirling around the flanks of Waller's lines. Waller's infantry could only watch as their cavalry flanks were decimated by determined Royalist charges. Finally, to the horror of everyone watching, Parliamentary forces were cornered and fled over the cliff to their deaths in "Bloody Ditch," the steep escarpment off the back of Roundway Hill. Some Royalists were in such hot pursuit that they followed the Roundhead cavalry over. After such a fight, Waller's infantry was left stunned and almost defenceless to the Royalist cavalry and a large detachment from Devizes that had marched to the sound of the guns, but arrived late.
What had begun as an overwhelmingly favourable position for Waller, ended up with one the most decisive Royalist victories of the war. Roundway Down would affect Waller for years to come and made him overly cautious in future battles, especially those with his old friend, Hopton.

Recommended Ride

23.5 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the A361 Northeast out of Devizes to Beckhampton, where you turn left onto the A4 and go to Calne. Take a left onto the A3102 to Chittoe. Near Chittoe, take a left on the A342 and go to Rowde. Just after Rowde take the lane to Roundway. At Roundway, take the farm lane north to a "Y" and take the left fork. This fork will give away to a very good, solid gravel road where you can view the whole of the battlefield on the down. You can also park up and walk about 500 yards to Oliver's castle and look over the edge into "Bloody Ditch." If you have the time, try the A360 from Devizes to Salisbury across the Salisbury Plain (additional 27 miles).

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Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 173. The battlefield is centred on SU 021655. If using a road map, the battlefield is located north of Devizes, Wiltshire.

Recommended Book and Map

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By July 1645, Royalist fortunes were on the wane and Lord Goring was using all of his strategic wiles to evade the confident New Model Army under Lord-General Fairfax. Knowing that Fairfax outnumbered him nearly two to one, Goring sent 3 cavalry Brigades under Lieutenant General Porter to threaten the nearby Parliamentary town of Taunton, probably as a diversion, in the hopes of dividing Fairfax's force. However, Fairfax caught up to Goring after capturing most of Goring's cavalry diversion betwixt Langport and Taunton. Fairfax came to the battle weaker than ideal, but still with the determination to break up Goring's force for good.

Goring took up an easterly facing position on Ham Down northeast of Langport overlooking the Wagg Rhyne, a small stream running generally north to south. Fairfax approached from the east (follow Tengore Lane for a good simulation of the movement) and occupied a westerly facing position on Pitney Hill, also overlooking the Wagg Rhyne. The two positions straddle the present day B3153. There was an obvious "pass" and/or ford over the Wagg, which both forces identified as the key terrain to own. There are 3 credible geographic points (on the A372, on the B3153 and an ancient footpath near the railway underpass) for the pass and academic debate is far from settled on the issue. Up to this point in research and on the ground viewing, Battlefield Biker reckons it is the middle one near the present day railway underpass. There is a footpath that leads right through the likely pass and up Ham Down.

The Battlefield Biker and CabAz at "the pass."

Goring placed artillery, cavalry and musket over-watching the pass, the narrowness of which gave him confidence of holding. Wasting no time in taking the obvious action, Fairfax took out the Royalist artillery with his own and then ordered Cromwell to take the pass and press the attack up Ham Down. The pass only allowed a 4 horse abreast attack. Under fire from Goring's over-watch, the lead troops of Cromwell's cavalry, led by Major Bethel were able to secure the pass and deploy on the slopes of the Down. The Roundhead infantry followed and established the fighting in earnest.

After some fairly fierce fighting on the Down, the Royalists were broken and they retreated whilst setting Langport alight. This did not stop Cromwell, who chased the fleeing Royalist through Langport and beyond.

Ride Recommendation

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33.4 miles. The route leads down to Langport and its environs. On the Wagg Drove you are bisecting the battlefield. Around Langport you can get several viewing angles of the battlefield from Ham Down, Wagg Drove and Pitney Hill. The ride finishes at the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm Museum at Yeovilton.
Use Ordnance Survey Explorer 129. The battlefield is centred on ST 441276. If using a road map, the battlefield is located 15 miles east of Taunton.

Book and Map Recommendations

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1645 A-372 A-39 B-3153 B-3165 Bethel Cromwell English Civil War Fairfax Goring Ham Down Huish Episcopi Langport Langport M-5 Pitney Hill Porter ST 441276 Taunton Taunton Wagg Rhyne Yeovilton motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

The Royalists had been gathering strength throughout the west in early 1643, but there were still several Parliamentary strong points that needed to be neutralised, before the Royalist rear would be secure enough to mount an all out assault on London. With this aim, Sir Ralph Hopton set out to draw his old friend William Waller out to battle, so that the Royalists could take the Parliamentary town of Bath. The two met north of Bath on Lansdown Hill.

Sir Bevill Grenvile's monument near the ancient quarry and site of main fighting

Waller had had time to prepare, so had used the existing Saxon-times quarry pits and embellished them into a formidable network of trenches and gun emplacements. Seeing Waller on top of a nearly impregnable position, Hopton thought better of the situation and retreated in good order. However, Waller wasn't having it and sent a substantial amount of cavalry down the hill to maul the Royalists as they retreated. The Parliamentary cavalry did a good job and almost broke the retreat, but Hopton held on and rallied his forces to reverse the attack and flank the attacking cavalry some ways back up the hill.
With their blood up, Hopton's infantry made their way up the hill and eventually took over the crest from Waller's infantry. Unusually, Hopton had sent the infantry up the hill to protect the cavalry flanks, but his cavalry had been pushed back and the infantry had to carry the attack. Hopton lost one of his troops' most beloved leaders in the melee, in Sir Bevill Grenvile. The Royalists now held the breastworks on top of the hill but could not really secure their flanks and were running low on ammunition. Waller's troops had reformed behind a stone wall about 400 yards south on the plateau. With darkness falling, neither side had the strength to close the battle.
Neither side had won a decisive victory. The Royalists had taken a tactical stronghold from the Parliamentarians by force, but they had lost their ability to threaten Bath, so strategically it had hurt them.

Rides Recommendation

This ride really comes into its own when all of the steep, curvy farm tracks are taken around the battlefield itself. Note, try to avoid Bath during heavy traffic and watch the debris on the farm tracks around the battlefield. It finishes off with a scoot over to the next (chronologically) battlefield of Roundway Down.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 172. The battlefield is centred on ST 723703. If using a road map, the battlfield is located north of Bath, near the racecourse.

Book Recommendation

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1643 A-350 A-420 A-431 Bath Bevill Grenvile Chippenham Cold Ashton English Civil War Freezing Hill Hopton ST 723703 Waller motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

Having relieved the siege at York by out manoeuvering the Parliamentary Army, Prince Rupert wanted to engage Parliament's Allied Army. Rupert believed (controversially) that he had orders from the King to do so. The Parliamentary backed Allied Army of the Eastern Association, local Yorkshire forces along with the Scots under the Earl of Levin accommodated him between York and Knaresborough. Rupert was outnumbered, especially, because he could not get the siege-relieved forces at York to get the lead out until the last minute. The Marquess of Newcastle, who had held York through the siege, was against offering battle at Marston Moor, going so far as to remind Rupert of one of his past failures due to hasty decisions. Rupert prevailed, but even with the mainly infantry forces from York, Rupert mustered only 18,000 to the Allied Army's 28,000.

Goring's approximate view into the battle area (his horse had a little less horsepower)

The two forces squared off late in the midsummer's day after having had spent the better part of the afternoon so close to each other that insults were being traded across the lines. Persistent rain showers and the lateness of the day had convinced Rupert that battle would not begin that day. However, for debatable reasons, the allied front surged forward around 7 PM and the fight was on.
Rupert could have felt vindicated to choose battle at first as Goring's cavalry on the Royalist left broke through and routed Sir Thomas Fairfax's right of cavalry and infantry. Goring's forces pushed on and took the Allied Army's baggage train behind the southern ridge. The Allied Scots' infantry, however, doggedly held the line in the centre. Meanwhile, a wounded Cromwell pushed Rupert's cavalry back in the vicinity of present day Kendal Lane on Tockwith*s eastern edge. After winning the cavalry engagement, Cromwell's disciplined forces turned right and flanked the Royalist infantry. This envelopment turned the tide and the Royalist forces were reduced to the last stand by Newcastle's best infantry, the Whitecoats, who defied Cromwell, until Scottish Dragoons came to finish off the battle near White Sike Close.

Ride Recommendation

This ride runs right through the battle area, which is centred on grid SE 491522 in between Long Marston and Tockwith. (Ordnance Survey Landranger map 105)

Book Recommendations

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1644 A59 Atterwith Lane B-1224 Cromwell English Civil War Fairfax Goring Hessay Kendal Lane late evening Long Marston Rupert SE 491522 siege Tockwith Wetherby York York motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

Just three days before the disaster of Marston Moor for the Royalists, King Charles himself directed a rebuff to a prowling Parliamentary army under William Waller at Cropredy Bridge, near Banbury.
Waller had been observing the King's movements for some time when he spotted an opportunity to strike over the River Cherwell near the present day Oxford Canal as it passes through the village of Cropredy. The King had allowed a gaping hole to develop between his lead / centre elements which were near Hays Bridge and his rear which was more than a mile behind. Seeing his chance to bite off a whole chunk of the King's rear end, Waller pounced.
Waller sent Lieutenant General Middleton's cavalry (including Battlefield Biker favourite, Haselrige's "lobsters") to make contact with the King's rear. This was a raging success, but as so often happened with successful cavalry charges of the time, the pursuit went too far. The Royalist rear guard commander, the Earl of Cleveland, took the opportunity to wade into the Parliamentary foot and guns which had been left behind by Middleton at Cropredy Bridge. Middleton's cavalry realised what had happened and returned to scatter Cleveland's cavalry, but not until after they captured the Roundhead guns and their commander Colonel Wemyss. Cleveland did not get all of his own way in Middleton's absence as the Roundhead infantry stood their ground, crucially keeping Cropredy Bridge.
In the meantime, Waller with cavalry crossed the Slat Mill ford and attacked uphill near Williamscott and was promptly sent packing by the Earl of Northampton's cavalry. Waller decided that discretion was the better part of valour and retired to Bourton Hill to over-watch continuing skirmishes around the bridge. Finally, the result was Parliamentary forces staring down the King's forces from Cropredy Bridge for the better part of two days. The King stole away when he learned of reenforcements coming to Waller.
Although a tactical stalemate, the King kept most of his Oxford army to fight another day and Waller's opportunity to hurt Charles significantly was lost as Waller's army disintegrated with mutiny and desertion soon thereafter.

Ride Recommendation

This ride rides takes in battlefield area around the eponymous town and bridge and then opens up into some great A roads to Daventry, Southam and Banbury. Finally, I've included a short finish on the farm lanes around the older battlefield of Edgcote, where a major battle of the War of the Roses was fought.

Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 151. The battlefield is centred on SP 477460. If using a road map, the battlefield is located east and northeast of Cropredy Bridge.

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1644 A-361 A-423 A-425 Banbury Banbury Daventry English Civil War Haselrige King Charles I Ordnance Survey SP 477460 Southam Waller Williamscott motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

The Battle of Chalgrove is famous mainly because one of Parliament's main political figures, Colonel John Hampden, was wounded in the action and died days later. Hampden was one of the "Five Members" that the King had tried to arrest in Parliament, setting off the war.
The action itself was little more than a skirmish, but brings out the differences between the two armies at this stage of the war. Royalist cavalry commander Prince Rupert was establishing his reputation as a leader of great daring. Rupert was also using newer cavalry tactics that relied on the shock of rapid and decisive action with horse, whereas the Parliamentarians were still relying on firepower and tighter formations with their horse.
Rupert had surprised several Parliamentary encampments in the area around Chalgrove overnight and in the early morning. As part of this action, the main body of Parliamentarians had been alerted to Rupert's presence in the area due to his flaming of the village of Chinnor. The Parliamentarians set to finding Rupert and cutting him off from the safety of Oxford. Rupert, realising that he was being trailed, sent his infantry to secure the bridge at Chislehampton and place his dragoons along the escape route, then turned to face the music with his cavalry. As the Roundheads aligned for battle, Rupert feigned a retreat which enticed the Parliamentarians into a chase. However, Rupert spun his forces around and leapt a hedge to take to the attack. The Parliamentary cavalry got off quite a few shots and Rupert's forces took a significant number of casualties. However, in the melee, Hampden was mortally wounded and the shock of the action drove the the Roundheads from the field.

The Hampden monument in the foreground with the battlefield to the left rear (through the hedge)

Rupert's actions were characteristic of him and this time of the war for the Royalists. The Royalists had fought in skirmishes and at least one set piece battle at this point in the war and were coming off as the better force in several of the engagements. Rupert's cavalry were showing themselves to be of continental calibre in cavalry actions and this confidence was leading Rupert to push for an early and final assault on London to end the war. The young man did not get his wish, but maybe he should have.

Motorcycle Ride Recommendation

This map runs to the actual battlefield and then takes a run at some of the better roads in the area. Fox's Diner, near the Berinsfield Roundabout on the A4074, is the local biker hang out. Ordnance Survey Landranger 164 is a good map of the area.

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1643 A4074 B4009 B480 Berinsfield Roundabaout cavalry Chislehampton English Civil War Fox's Diner hampden June Landranger 164 Oxford Oxfordshire oxfordshire Prince Rupert SU645975 motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

If there is one discernable point where Oliver Cromwell's star emerged from mere cavalry commander to driving force in the New Model Army, the battle of Naseby may be it. Cromwell convinced his commander, Fairfax, to move to an adjacent, more neutral hill, so as to encourage the Royalists to attack. Cromwell was so confident that he wanted to goad the Royalists, especially Prince Rupert, into a fight by giving them a better chance. This level of confidence was not misplaced. Cromwell's actions, as well as the actions of Prince Rupert, were to confirm their reputations. Rupert was the European shock trooper with elan and Cromwell was the disciplined English soldier and stern Puritan. At Naseby, both armies put forward their "A" teams with Prince Rupert, Prince Maurice and the King himself present on the Royal side. Fairfax, Cromwell and Skippon led the Parliamentarian's New Model Army. There would be no denying the superior force after Naseby.

Although the King was present, Rupert commanded the Royal lines. Rupert's plan was to crush the Roundhead left with his signature cavalry charge, which he would lead with Prince Maurice, and then cross behind the Roundhead centre to turn Cromwell's flank. All of this was to happen as the Royalist infantry tied down the middle with a quick and unannounced push (i.e. no artillery preparation). Cromwell was supposed to be kept in check by Langdale's cavalry and a rough ground of rabbit warrens and heavy gorse. The first part went well as Roundhead Ireton's cavalry (Parliamentarian left) was beaten from the field. However, Rupert's cavalry did not cross behind the New Model Army's infantry centre, either due to battlefield congestion (the New Model Army infantry reserve?) or through their excessive exuberance. Eventually, Rupert's cavalry ended up in the Parliamentarian rear attacking the baggage trains. One might say it was unplanned, but one must ignore Rupert's previous actions to call it unlikely. The Royalist infantry held more than their own and actually worked through the New Model Army's infantry, only to find the reserve behind the ridge.

The view from the center of the New Model Army Infantry looking North to Dust Hill

Unfortunately for the Royalists, Cromwell also performed to stereotype. After working through the rough ground on the Royalist left, Cromwell attacked and dispersed Langdale's cavalry. Then Cromwell worked over the Lifeguard who had come to the aid of the cavalry only to join the flight. However, rather than pursue the Royalist cavalry off the field, Cromwell held a blocking position as his cavalry reserve completed the encirclement of virtually the entire Royalist infantry. The King watched the whole thing unfold he and Rupert tried to rally his cavalry for a counter attack, but thought better of it as he watched his infantry surrender. To add insult to injury, Cromwell's cavalry harried them all the way to Leicester.

Naseby was an unmitigated disaster for the King. Virtually all of his northern infantry was captured or killed. He could never recover from the loss of such a force this late in the war. The war would drag on, but the cause was militarily lost on these Northamptonshire fields.

Motorcycle Ride Recommendation

Try this ride to and from Northampton that criss-crosses the battlefield north of the village Naseby. There are two major monuments on these roads with the main one, due north of Naseby on the Sibbertoft Road, giving a sweeping view of the battlefield and an interpretative board.

Book Recommendations: Cromwell's War Machine & Naseby from Amazon.co.uk

Map Recommendation: Ordnance Survey Landranger 141 (Kettering & Corby) from AbeBooks.com or Amazon.com

Accor Hotels in the Northampton area

Technorati Tags: 1600s 1640s 1645 A14 A4304 A5199 Cromwell English Civil War Fairfax King Charles I Leicestershire Market Harborough Northamptonshire Prince Rupert Thornby motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

On 10 January 1642, King Charles I had to leave London as the unrest against him grew. He had recently tried to arrest five members of parliament on treason charges, but failed. His coach had been surrounded by a mob when he had demanded that those who were sheltering the five members should give them up. This was enough to scare Charles and his Queen, Henrietta, into leaving London. They first decamped to Hampton Court, then Windsor Castle and finally to Oxford to set up an alternative government to the Parliament in London. Parliament was busy activating its militias, called the "Trained Bands." Although there were some attempts at reconciliation, the train of events leading to civil war was already underway.

Books from Amazon.co.uk

Motorcycle Ride

I'm sure it was faster for Charles by horse and carriage, but if you don't mind fighting London traffic, you can retrace the royal route to exile. Start in Whitehall, then to Hampton court, then to Windsor, then to Oxford.

Maps

Technorati Tags: 10 10th 1600s 1640s 1642 English Civil War english civil war Hampton Court Palace January King Charles I London Oxford Windsor Castle motorcycle motorcycle-touring motorcycle touring military history military-history battlefields

King Charles orders the issuance of an indictment of treason against the "five members" of parliament. The members were John Hampden, Sir Arthur Haselrigg, Denzil Holles, John Pym and William Strode. Hampden died at the Battle of Chalgrove the very next year. Haselrigg fought throughout the war with his regiment of cuirassiers, or "lobster" cavalry. Holles fought at Edgehill, but was later a leading proponent of a negotiated settlement of the war.
Pym was the driving force in Parliamanent to reign in the King, but died two years later of cancer. Strode, after being imprisoned for eleven years at the King's behest, was probably only second in vociferousness in the war party to Pym.

Books from Amazon.co.uk

Motorcycle Ride

Check out the Battle of Chalgrove and the ride around the Oxfordshire countryside.

Maps

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Battle of Stow on the Wold - 21 March 1646

If the battles of Naseby and Marston Moor were the decisive thrusts and Langport the mortal stroke, then Stow on the Wold would be the coup de grace. In the Spring of 1646, King Charles I was getting ever more desperate to hold the Royalist cause together whilst waiting for the long promised relief forces from Ireland, Scotland and France. Lord Jacob Astley took command of the Royalist forces in the west and began to gather up the remnants from the handful of Royalist garrisons still left in the west. As one could imagine at this point in the war, Royalist morale was pretty low. However, Astley, a stalwart of the Royalist commanders and an experienced soldier, was able to cobble together a force of 3,000.
Astley was trying to reach Oxford with his force when Parliament got wind of it. What ensued was a period of thrusting and parrying along the river Avon as Astley tried to evade certain defeat. Finally, Astley had no choice, but to stop and fight the harrying Roundhead forces of Colonel Thomas Morgan and Sir William Brereton. Astley chose a hill to the northwest of Stow on the Wold straddling the present day A424.
The Roundhead forces, who were slightly smaller, lined up to the northwest of Astley's position also along the current route of the A424. The Roundheads, flush with the confidence of an army on the brink of total victory, charged up the hill at the Royalist positions, near the present day Greenfield Farm. Initially, the Royalists held and even pushed the Parliamentary foot back. However, the Roundhead cavalry under Brereton rolled up the Royalist cavalry on the right flank. The Royalist cavalry fled the field and the infantry fought a running retreat southeasterly back to Stow square.
Finally, Astley sat down on an ancient cross monument in the square and declared, "You have done your work, boys, and may go play, unless you will fall out among yourselves." This was a fitting end to the last major battle of the First Civil War from the man who was most quoted at the first major battle. At Edgehill, Astley prayed, "Oh Lord, thou knowest how busy I must be this day, if I forget thee, do not thou forget me."

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

40-45 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the A424 north out of Burford (Burford is on the A40 between Oxford and Cheltenham) towards Stow. Go through Stow and stay on the A424. The A424 splits the battlefield in half northwest of Stow. Turn right onto the lane to Donnington for a look at the battlefield from Roundhead lines back to the south towards Stow. Continue on Donnington Lane to the A429 and turn right to go back into Stow. Visit the town square where the surrender took place. Follow the A429 southwest out of Stow to Bourton on the Water to complete the Cotswold experience. There are hundreds of small lanes with beautiful scenery, pick one and lose yourself!
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 163. The battlefield is centred on SP 191272. If using a road map, the battlefield is 20 miles east of Cheltenham.

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Battle of Cheriton - 29 March 1644

Around 27 March 1644, the Royalist forces of Lord Hopton, joined by the Earl of Forth had succeeded in halting William Waller's Parliamentary forces from securing Winchester by blocking the main road between London and Winchester near Alresford. Two days of skirmishing in the area left Waller's army near the village of Hinton Ampner and Hopton's army northeast of Cheriton with pickets on a ridge overlooking Hinton Ampner to the south.
Hopton's pickets and Waller*s patrols skirmished in the night of 28/29 March and Waller had flanked Hopton's pickets on the south ridge to the point of making it untenable. Thus the day of the battle began with Waller on the south ridge and Hopton on the north ridge. Upon seeing the ground between the two forces, Waller saw that Cheriton Wood would be the key to Hopton's left flank and dispatched 1,000 musketeers there. Understanding this threat, Hopton countered with 1,000 musketeers of his own under Colonel Matthew Appleyard. The two forces met in the dense Cheriton Wood and by all accounts fought a fierce hand-to-hand melee with Appleyard*s forces securing the ground. Hopton had been frustrated by previous attempts to bring his old friend, Waller, to battle, due to Waller's pessimistic nature and previous defeats, most notably Roundway Down. Alas, Hopton would be frustrated, but not by Waller this time.
Royalist Sir Henry Bard, on his own initiative, led his regiment of foot on a ill-starred attack from the right on Sir Arthur Haselrige*s regiment of horse, known as the "lobsters" for their 3/4 armour suits. Haselrige made Bard pay for his folly and destroyed the entire regiment in plain sight of the Royalists. The Royalists were so horrified by what they saw in front of them that they felt compelled to send reenforcements to Bard. The Roundheads met the challenge and soon the entire front became engaged between the two ridges. Parrying between the two forces ended up in close quartered fighting along the hedges. Meanwhile, several cavalry actions played out over a period of hours with the Parliamentary cavalry gaining the upper hand. Finally, Waller's infantry enveloped the flanks and forced Hopton to salvage his troops and guns with an orderly retreat up today*s Scrubbs Lane towards Basing House, passing the point where the commemorative stone sits today.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

40-50 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the A31 east out of Winchester towards Alton. Just before Alton, take a right on the A32 and go to West Meon. At the intersection with the A272, turn right and go to Cheriton. Near Cheriton, take a right on the B3046 and enter Cheriton. On the north side of Cheriton, take a right onto the North End Farm lane, which will turn into Badshear Lane and then Cheriton Lane. At the intersection of Cherition and Scrubbs Lane is a battle marker. For more riding, follow Scrubbs lane up to Bishops Sutton, turn left on the B3047 to Alresford, then turn right on the B3046 and go to Basingstoke following the Royalist line of retreat.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 185. The battlefield is centred on SU 598294. If using a road map, the battlefield is located northeast of Cheriton village.

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Battle of Nantwich - 25 January 1644

With the arrival of Irish forces (somewhat) loyal to the King in late 1643, the Royalists had developed a strong footing in the northwest of England and were besieging the strategically important town of Nantwich. The Royalist commander Lord Byron decided to complete his conquest of Cheshire by quickly capturing Nantwich, which was being defended by Parliamentarian Sir William Brereton. However, the Parliamentarian Sir Thomas Fairfax had other plans. Showing his grasp of the whole war and not just that of his eastern England locality, Fairfax pulled together his disparate forces around Lincolnshire and marched to the relief of Nantwich. The two forces met near the present day Shropshire Union Canal on the close, flat pastures to the west of Nantwich.
Having deployed tightly coming out of Nantwich, Fairfax had to fight on each flank to open up space for his cavalry. On the other hand, Byron, converging on Nantwich, had to deal with over-extension. One has to imagine an inner concentric arc pushing against an outer concentric arc to understand the tension between the two forces. Fairfax was able to hold both flanks as his centre made the advance into Byron*s centre who were unsupported by their flanks due to the over-extension. Eventually, the Royalist centre cleaved in two and flanked away in opposing directions. This saved the left side, but doomed the right which fell back near Acton church.
Things went from bad to worse for Byron, as the blocking force meant to hold the Nantwich Roundhead forces at bay, failed. These Parliamentary forces proceeded to attack the Royalist baggage train near Acton church and the Royalist right flank near the present day Acton Bridge (footbridge) over the canal. In the melee, the Royalist lost many, but many more surrendered, including whole Irish regiments who felt they had been tricked into coming to England to fight for the King.
Nantwich was a clear win for the Parliamentary forces, having relieved the siege, captured the Royalist baggage train and not a few senior officers. Strategically, it kept the centre of England in play and established Fairfax as a Parliamentarian commander of national stature.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints,/h3>
40-45 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the A51(T) west/ northwest out of Nantwich to the A49 south. Turn left onto the A49 and go to Whitchurch. Follow the A49/A41 ring road around Whitchurch to the A525 going to Nantwich / Stoke. Just before Burleydam, take the A530 back to Nantwich. In Nantwich, follow the A534 to Acton. The area around Acton foot bridge is where most of the fighting occurred. Good views can be had from Welshman*s Lane and the parking area next to the canal bridge on the A51(T). If you have extra time, try the excellent A41 from Whitchurch to Tong, near the M54, adding 30 extra miles.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 118. The battlefield is centred on SJ 635536. If using a road map, the battlefield is located in west Nantwich and Acton.

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First Battle of Newbury - 20 September 1643

In some ways, the first battle of Newbury was similar to Edgehill. Both had a force that was trying to get to London. At Edgehill, the King was trying to get to London to threaten the city and end the war early. At Newbury, the Parliamentarians under the Earl of Essex were trying to get back to the safety London to protect his force for further operations. In both cases, the way to London was forced open, but neither battle was decisive. Both battles were to be lost opportunities for the King to successfully threaten the Parliamentary cause whilst he had the army, funds and ground to his advantage.
Essex was trying to get out of the west of England without undue damage after successfully relieving the siege of Gloucester, the last major Parliamentary bastion in the West. He had not had a major fight at Gloucester. The Royalists lifted the siege just when hearing of their approach, but set off to try to trap Essex's army away from London and kill it off. For Essex, it was one thing to help a besieged town break a siege by a cavalry heavy force. It is quite another to fight that force on open ground.
Prince Rupert harried Essex's march so much that the King's forces were able to secure Newbury and its river crossings before Essex, which blocked the road to London. Essex tried to skirt south of the King's positions, but ended up meeting them on Wash Common to the southwest of Newbury. Eventually a battle line running from the River Kennet in the north to Wash Common in the south was established. However, most of the fighting happened on and around Wash Common and atop Round Hill as both sides realised the importance of the route through there and the advantages it gave over the lower ground in the north.
The fighting involved a protracted artillery duel, infantry surges and cavalry charges, all to little effect for either side. Both sides settled that night largely where they started the day. Unfortunately for the Royalists, they were short on gunpowder and had to retire from the field overnight, which left the route open for Essex to file through the southwestern gap.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

50-60 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the A343 southwest out of Newbury to Andover, one of the great roads in south-central England. Near Andover, take the north-side ring road to the A342. Turn right on the A342 northwest to Ludgershall. Turn right on the A346 to Cadley. At Cadley, join the A338 going north to Burbage. Near Burbage, take a right on the roundabout, staying on the A338 towards Hungerford. From Hungerford, take the A4 back to Newbury. At the beginning or end of the ride, explore the residential and farm lanes around the battlefield, which is near Wash Common.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 174. The battlefield is centred on SU 454662. If using a road map, the battlefield is located in West Newbury around Wash Common.

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The battle between Radway and Kineton in Warwickshire, known as Edgehill, provided the field for the English Civil War's first major confrontation.
The plodding Earl of Essex had been sent by Parliament to seek out the King's forces before they could reach critical mass and threaten London. Essex probably lost that opportunity by taking his time getting into the Midlands and finding the King's forces. The King wasn't much better in not knowing that Essex was near, until Prince Rupert's patrol stumbled across the Parliamentarian Quartermasters in nearby Wormleighton. The King decided to alight atop Edgehill, which sits about 300 feet above the plain running northwest several miles to the village of Kineton where the Parliamentarians were. Essex moved into the plain and made clear that he would not assault the King on the formidable hill. The King decided to issue battle so he gave the order to descend the hill and make contact.
As would be the case throughout the war, Prince Rupert's cavalry, on the right, would start the action and provide the King with an early advantage by driving the Roundhead cavalry from the field. However, like so many other times to come, Rupert could not control them after the initial assault and they gave chase well beyond the battlefield. Most of the cavalry of both sides was gone from the field when the infantry engagement began. With the Royalist right exposed, Essex sent some of the little remaining horse he had to attack the King's right flank. In the middle, the battle ebbed and flowed back and forth. A hole opened in the middle of the King's lines that another small Parliamentary cavalry force breached and attacked the Royalist artillery and returned to catch fire from its own artillery. A general sense of mayhem and confusion descended on the field, until dark, when both sides retired.
Poor leadership, poor execution and weak will led to a battlefield stalemate that neither side was keen to re-open the next morning. Essex slipped away to the safety of Warwick, leaving the road to London open. However, the King seemed to have lost his initial desire to move on London quickly. All in all, not satisfactory for either side, but nothing strategically significant resulted either.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

20-30 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the B4100 out of Banbury, taking the left hand "Y" near Warmington onto the B4086 up to Edgehill escarpment. Follow the B4086 through the battlefield from Edgehill to Kineton to simulate Rupert's advance. Continue through Kineton until you meet the B4455 and turn left and follow to the A422. Turn left on the A422 and follow this beautiful road through countryside and back onto Edgehill from the south. In between, there are multiple lanes through the battlefield, but many end abruptly at the entrance of a MOD installation nearby.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger map 151 and the battlefield is centred on SP 360490. If using a roadmap, the battlefield is centred between the villages of Radway and Kineton, northwest of Banbury.

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The English Civil War was fought between 1642 to 1648 across England. Below are links to 12 battles in 10 English counties;

• King Charles Issues an Indictment against the Five Members of Parliament 3 January 1642
• King Charles I Flees London After Failing to Arrest the Five Members 10 January 1642
• Battle of Edgehill
• Sir Thomas Fairfax Defeats Sir William Saville and Takes Leeds 23 January 1643
• Battle of Chalgrove
• Battle of Lansdown Hill
• Battle of Roundway Down
• First Battle of Newbury
• Battle of Nantwich
• Battle of Cheriton
• Battle of Cropredy Bridge
• Battle of Marston Moor
• Cromwell Delivers at Battle of Naseby 14 June 1645
• Battle of Langport
• Battle of Stow on the Wold

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